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Physics of Fluids / Volume 24 / Issue 2 / ARTICLES / Viscous and Non-Newtonian Flows

Phys. Fluids 24, 023101 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3684750 (21 pages)

The final stages of capillary break-up of polymer solutions

R. Sattler1, S. Gier1, J. Eggers2, and C. Wagner1

1Experimentalphysik, Universität des Saarlandes, Postfach 151150, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
2School of Mathematics, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TW, United Kingdom

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(Received 29 September 2011; accepted 19 January 2012; published online 14 February 2012)

The capillary break-up of a polymer solution evolves via a series of stages. After the initial instability a long-lived cylindrical filament is formed, which thins exponentially in time, while the flow is purely extensional. During the final stages of the thinning process, at which the polymers are stretched sufficiently for the filament to become unstable to a Rayleigh–Plateau-like instability, a complex flow pattern develops, which we describe here. Achieving a high spatial resolution well below the optical Rayleigh limit, we describe both the formation of individual droplets as well as that of periodic patterns. Following the periodic instability, a blistering pattern appears, with different generations of smaller droplets. At sufficiently high polymer concentrations, the filament does not break at all, but a solid polymeric fiber with a thickness well below a micron remains. The experiments were performed for various polymer and solvent systems, all of which showed the same qualitative behavior for most of the observed features.

© 2012 American Institute of Physics

Article Outline

  1. INTRODUCTION
  2. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP AND SAMPLE SOLUTIONS
    1. Experimental setup
    2. The sample solutions
  3. OVERVIEW
  4. THE LINEAR INSTABILITY
    1. Isolated beads
    2. Periodic perturbations
  5. THE NEXT GENERATIONS
  6. FORMATION OF NANO FIBERS
    1. Optical in situ indications
    2. The effect of evaporation
    3. Other polymer solutions
  7. CONCLUSIONS

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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords

capillarity, drops, flow instability, multiphase flow, polymer solutions

PACS

ARTICLE DATA

Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3684750

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

1070-6631 (print)  
1089-7666 (online)

Publisher

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef American Institute of Physics

For access to fully linked references, you need to log in.
    C. Wagner, Y. Amarouchene, D. Bonn, and J. Eggers, “Droplet detachment and satellite bead formation in visco-elastic fluids,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 164504 (2005).

    Y. Amarouchene, D. Bonn, J. Meunier, and H. Kellay, “Inhibition of the finite-time singularity during droplet fission of a polymeric fluid,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3558 (2001).

    M. S. N. Oliveira and G. H. McKinley, “Iterated stretching and multiple beads-on-a-string phenomena in dilute solutions of high extensible flexible polymers,” Phys. Fluids 17, 071704 (2005)PHFLE6000017000007071704000001.

    R. Sattler, C. Wagner, and J. Eggers, “Blistering pattern and formation of nanofibers in capillary thinning of polymer solutions,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 164502 (2008).

    J. Li and M. A. Fontelos, “Drop dynamics on the beads-on-string structure of viscoelastic jets: A numerical study,” Phys. Fluids 15, 922 (2003)PHFLE6000015000004000922000001.

    V. Tirtaatmadja, G. H. McKinley, and J. J. Cooper-White, “Drop formation and breakup of low viscosity elastic fluids: Effects of molecular weight and concentration,” Phys. Fluids 18, 043101 (2006)PHFLE6000018000004043101000001.

    H.-C. Chang, E. A. Demekhin, and E. Kalaidin, “Iterated stretching of viscoelastic jets,” Phys. Fluids 11, 1717 (1999)PHFLE6000011000007001717000001.


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